Representations of socialist thought by Abdul Wahab Al-Bayati

Abstract

Socialist thought is largely based on the idea of ​​the unity of the working class in different parts of the world. However, this unity is far from being achieved at the present time; because "the difference between the level of the working class in rich" countries and its counterpart in poor countries is so great that it prevents the concept of any unity of interests between them, and makes it necessary to reconsider the call for the union of the "workers of the world" in order to achieve the socialist revolution.

Arabic literature was built on several schools, and each school has its own thought and certain trends that it follows, and the writers of this school adhere to its principles and trends. Among the literary schools that spread in the modern era, especially in world literature, was the realistic school in literature. Although realism appears as a school with its principles and foundations, its concept has not been precisely defined yet, as opinions and viewpoints abound regarding the definition of the realistic school in literature, especially in Arabic literature. What is said in defining the concept of the realistic school is that realism is the rational knowledge of life, and it can be said that it is the human mind's aspiration for a better future, an ideal life, an attempt to discover the truth of life and the secrets of the world, an understanding of the laws of societal development, and an attempt to determine the way in which human society lives. The most important thing that can be mentioned in the concept of realism is that it sheds light on knowledge of human nature, and determines his relationship with the external environment, and although there is no agreement on a precise concept for realism, it has contributed to establishing laws that concern modern literary criticism and its trends. (Zakaria, 1968(