Strategies for Achieving an Equivalent Level of Appellation in Arabic Tourist Texts as Translated into English
Main Article Content
Abstract
Tourist texts include a higher degree of cultural references in their content which serves as a cultural link to their users. Therefore, the cultural factor has to be considered during translation to comply with the norms and expectations of the target readers, and to avoid the increasing criticism made against the quality of tourist translation since it adopts literal translation rather than adaptation which is followed in translating advertising texts to fulfill their appellative function. The present paper is concerned with translating TTs from Arabic-into-English. It selects 10 text samples with their translations taken from two tourist brochures issued by the Iraqi Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Antiquities. It aims to find out appropriate strategies for achieving an equivalent level of appellation in the Arabic TTs as translated into English. This paper has come up with a set of important conclusions relating to strategies of translating TTs.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
j, S. (2011). Techniques of the language of tourism “verbal and
visual techniques “in UK' brochures (University of Tirana, Tirana,
Albania). https://www.academia.edu/5840261
Agorni, M. (2012). Tourism communication: The translator's
E65
responsibility in the translation of cultural difference. Jornal of Pasos.
Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 10(4), 5-11.
www.pasosonline.org
al-Fahad, S.K. (2012). Stylistic analysis of Arabic and English translated
tourist brochures: A contrastive study. Diyala Journal, 56, 554-578.
Alizadeh, A. (2011). Bridging cultures: Tourism and the art of translation.
IPEDR, 5(1), 261-264. www.ipedr.com/vol5/no1/56-H00132
Almanna, A. (2016). The Routledge course in translation annotation:
Arabic-English-Arabic. London, England: Routledge.
Al-Saidi, A. H. (2013). Problems of translating cultural signs with
reference to English and Arabic. Journal of University of Thi-Qar,
(3), 27-40. https://www.iasj.net/iasj?func=fulltext&aId=81482
Bastin, G. L. (2009). Adaptation. In M. Baker & G. Saldanha (Eds.).
Routledge encyclopedia of translation studies (2nd ed., pp. 3-6)
London, England: Routledge.
Cambridge dictionaries online. (2020). https://dictionary.
E66
cambridge.org
Dweik, B. S. & Al-Sayyed, S. W. (2016). Translating proper nouns from
Arabic into English: Barriers and procedures. Arab World English
Journal (AWEJ),(5), 181-194.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303565447
Errasti, M. P. N., Sanz, R. L. & Ornat, S.M. (2004). Pragmatics at work:
The translation of tourist literature. Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang.
Francesconi, S. (2012). Generic integrity and innovation in tourism texts
in English. Trento, Italy: Tangram Edizioni Scientific.
Halimah, A. M. (2016). Translating Arabic proper names: A foreignising
approach. International Journal of English Language and Linguistics
Research,4(2), 1-16. https://www.eajournals.org
Ibraheem, A. K. (2021). Translating new words: The effect of neologism
on translation. Al-Ustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences,
(2), 1-26.
https://alustath.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/UJIRCO/article/view/1592/1500
Jaber, I. N. (2013). The foreignized translation: One approach to
respect and preserve the culture of the other. Journal of the College of
E67
Education for Women, 24(2), 500-511.
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1041/965
Károly, K. (2017). Aspects of cohesion and coherence in translation: The
case of Hungarian-English news translation. Amsterdam, The
Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing.
Kelly, D. (1997). The translation of texts from the tourist sector: Textual
conventions, cultural distance and other constraints. TRANS 2, 33-42.
Khalil, G, S. (2020). Textual analysis of complex nominals translation
errors in economic texts. Journal of the College of Education for
Women, 31(3), 15-38.
https://jcoeduw.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/journal/article/view/1410/1273
Luonua, M. (2013). Transfer of meaning in tourist brochure translations
(Pro Gradua Thesis, University of Oulu, Finland). https://jultika.oulu.fi/
Menzel, K., Lapshinova-Koltunski, E. & Kunz, K. (2017). Cohesion and
coherence in multilingual contexts. In K. Menzel, E. Lapshinova-
Koltunski & K. Kunz (Eds.), New perspectives on cohesion and
coherence: Implications for translation. Berlin, Germany: Language
E68
Science Press.
Munday, J. (Ed.). (2009). The Routledge companion to translation studies.
London, England: Routledge
Munday, J. (2012). Introducing translation studies: Theories and applications (3rd ed.).
London, England: Routledge
Muñoz, I. D. (2011). Tourist translations as a mediation tool:
Misunderstandings and difficulties (University of Cordoba, Spain).
Newmark, P. (1988). A textbook of translation. New York: Prentice Hall
Pérez, M. S. & De Los Ríos, M. E. C. (2018). A genre-register analysis of
a tourism brochure written by students in an EMI university context.
In M. Bielenia-Grajewska & E. De Los Ríos (Eds.), Innovative
perspectives on tourism discourse (pp. 246-265). Hershy, PA: IGI
Global.
Picello, R. (2018). Key concepts of English language and linguistics: A
coursebook for university students. Padova, Italy:Libreriauniversitaria.it
edizioni.
Sanning, H. (2010). Lost and found in translating tourist texts:
Domestication, foreignising or neutralizing approach. The Journal of
E69
Specialized Translation, 13, 124-137. https://www.jostrans.org
Shastri, P. D. (2012). Fundamental aspects of translation. New Delhi, India: PHI.
Shuttleworth, M. & Cowie, M. (1997). Dictionary of translation studies.
London, England: Routledge.
Skibitska, O. (2015). The language of tourism: Translating terms in
Tourist texts. Translation Journal,18(4). https://translationjournal.net
Sulaiman, M. Z. (2016). The misunderstood concept of translation in
tourism promotion. The International Journal for Translation &
Interpreting, 8(1), 53-68. https://doi:10.12807.2016.a04
Sulaiman, M. Z. (2018). Applying the cultural-conceptual translation
model in the commercial world of tourism promotion. Atlantis Press:
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research,
, 1-8. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327900452
Sulaiman, M. Z. & Wilson, R. (2019). Translation and tourism:
Strategies for effective cross-cultural promotion. Singapore:
Springer.
Tкaчyк, T. I. (2017). Realia types and strategies of their translation in
E70
frames of cultural translation. Фiʌoʌoriя, (2)30, 105-107.
http://vestnik-philology.mgu.od.ua/archive/v30/part_2/32.pdf
Zahiri, T., Sadeghi, B. & Maleki, A. (2015). Strategies and errors in
translating tourism brochures: The case of EFL learners. Science
Journal (CSJ),36(3), 2767-2785.